Tool for dressing grinding wheels



May 10, 1949. o. M. BRAATEN 2,469,365

TOOL FOR DRESSING GRINDING WHEELS Filed Feb. 23, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 1IN V EN TOR.

OSCAR M. BRAATEN aamvjxw A T T ORNE Y5 y 10, 1949. o. M. BRAATEN2,469,365

TOOL FOR DRESSING GRINDING WHEELS Filed F'eb.,25, 1945 R 3 Sheets-Sheet3 a /o/ ,1 .I/ 87 95 9 4 4.1 (ff--90 F *4 90 9'/ .89

INVEN TOR. OSCAR M. BRAATEN' Arrows Patented May 10, 1949 UNITED PATENTFBI CE TOOL FORDRESSING GRINDING WHEELS Oscar M; 'Bi-aaten, Rock Island;Ill.

ApplieatiomFebruary: 23, 1945;Serial No. 579,483

(Cfi12'5 -11') (Granted underitlie act of Ma'rch 3, 1883; asamendedvAprilkm, 1928;?3'700 G. 757

The invention describedherein may be manufactured and used by or for theGovernment for governmental purposes; without the payment to me of anyroyalty thereon.-

This invention relates to' a dressing unit for grinding wheels and moreparticularly" to-aunit having a tooladapted'to form'a de'sire'd contouror profile on a grinding wheel. its 'broad'ei' aspects theinventionisapplicable-also 'toth'e forming of profiles or'con'toursoncutters or like elements.

The invention finds its greatest-utility in cases in which it is desiredto-formmn-a grindingele ment or the like a contour corresponding'to thatdesired-to be ground on a machinedarticle; It has been found thatagrinding wheelor'lik ele' ment s0 contoured eliminatesseveralindependei'it grinding operations.

A principal object of theinvention'is-to'provide a tool of the typedescribed preferably -inthe'"*for-m of a unit adapted to be-attached toconventional type machines and hav-ing' a dressing tool mounted forsubstantially universal movement; so that it may follow the variousangles and'radii-of the contour desired tobe*forrnedpmthe-grindingelement.

Another'important object is-to provide a tool of the type referred to inwhich 'the'drssing' tool is adapted to be controlled throughout itsmovement by a control memberremote from'the tool.

Still another objectof=the'invention*is to pro vide gage meansforsynchronizing th'e positions of the dressingtool and control means sothat-the tool may be accurately guided.

Another object is to associate' with the 'tool and control means atemplateor former-having'a' pattern corresponding tothe contouror'profil de-' sired to beformed;

Another object is to provide'a belt dri'v be' tween thedressing tool-andthe'control means.

Another object is to provide a mean's'whereby the driving belt may beadjusted independently of the position of the dressing tool.

A still furtherobjec't of theinvention-is toprovide a tool supporthavingat least apair of tool receiving portions, one= ofwhich is adaptedto carry a tool for ordinary "dressing operations; and the otherofwhicli'is adapted t'o carr y a tool fol special dressing'operations;

Briefly, and specifically; the 'foregoingfi and other importantobjectsare achieved 'in one pre ferred form of the invention in whichthedressing tool is used inconjunction w-itli -a conventional type ofmachine that carriefoxh rotatio'mthe. grinding elementto be dressed:1Asstated above;

2 it'is'preferredthat'the dressing tool be'formed as part eta-dressingunit, and therefore the invention-in its general application will bereferred to asi-a dressing unit. This unit includes a dressing toolwhich is mounted for both longitudinal and transverse-movement and inaddition is arranged on -a pivot for angular or rotational movement.The-tool includes a belt-engaging portion adapted to receivea drive beltwhich is in' turn trained about the'belt-engaging portionof a controlmem her, the latter being also mounted for angular movement; A templateor former cooperateswith th'e control-member for guiding thecontrolmember accordingtothe contour desired to be formed on thegrinding element. The control member is so-disposed as to'move thetoollongitudinally and transversely and,-because of the drivebelt,functions-further tomove thetool' angularly. The dressingnnit includes abase plate which is adapted to be easily attached to and detached fromconventional types of machines such as lathes or the like:

A more completeunderstanding of the inven tion may behad-from thefollowing detailed descrip'tion taken in conjunction'with theaccompanying'sh'eets' of drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the dressing unit shown in position toperform the contouring operation. the" grinding-element, the device tobe ground, and themachine for rotating said element being illustrated inbroken lines;

Fig: 2 is a longitudinal sectional view takenon thlirie 2'-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig1-3 is atransverse-sectional view taken along th'e' line' 3'3 of Fig.2;

Fig; 4 a fragmentary plan view illustrating thedressi'ng 'tool andcontrol member and showingthegage means in position for checkingthesynchronizationof the control member and tool; Fig. 5is a side elevationin partial cross section of=the structure shown in Fig. 4; i

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary View in elevation showing- 'theupper portion ofthetool standard with a modified form of tool carried thereby; and

Fig.- 7 is aplan view of the structure shown in Figf 6.

There'is illustrated in Fig. 1 a portion of a conventi'onal machine suchas a lathe or the like halvinga bed 'lfl and a drive'unit I. The latterincludesa rotatable shaft 12 extending longitu- (finally of the machine.The shaft l2 serves'to carry for rotation therewith a grinding elementor wheel' lilg the element I 3 beingindicated in substantiall'y itsfinal stages offoperation; thatis, the profile or contour has beensubstantially completely formed thereon. The numeral Hi indicates amachined article on which a grinding operation is to be performed. Thisarticle is carried for rotation in a driving head l5 of the machine aswill be hereinafter set forth more clearly. The arrangement is such thatthe operator is enabled to dress the grinding element It either prior toor during intermediate stages of the grinding operation on the articleM.

The bed id of the machine includes a suitable supporting plate G6 onwhich the dressing unit may be carried. As stated above, it is animportant feature of this invention to provide the dressing unit in sucha manner that it may be easily attached to and removed from thecorresponding supporting structure on any type of machine.

The dressing unit includes a substantially square horizontal base 293provided along each of its edges with a groove 2!. These grooves areadapted to receive respectively a plurality of securing elements 22 eachof which is secured by a bolt 23 to the supporting plate it. Thecooperation between the grooves 21 and the securing elements 22 is suchthat the latter may be conveniently adjusted with respect to the former.The upper surface of the base 26- includes a pair of parallel,longitudinally extending ll-grooves 24 which, when the unit is securedin position on the bed Iii, run parallel to the axis of rotation of thegrinding element 13.

An intermediate plate 25 is arranged above the base 2d and includes atits lower surface a pair of V-grooves 26 corresponding to the V- grooves2:2 in the base 2d. A plurality of balls 21, suitably retained, isdisposed in each pair of complementary grooves 25- and 23 and providebearing means by which the intermediate plate 25 is carried for freereciprocating movement transversely across the base 23, or in a pathparallel to or longitudinally of the axis of rotation of the grindingelement 53. The upper surface of the intermediate plate 25 is formedwith a pair of parallel V-grooves 28 running at right angles to thelower V-grooves 2%. An upper, tool-carrying plate 28 is arranged abovethe intermediate plate 25 and is provided at its lower surface with apair of parallel V-grooves 38. A plurality of balls 3|, suitablyretained, is interposed between each pair of complementary grooves 28and 3% to provide bearing means by which the upper plate 2d is carriedfor free reciprocating movement across the intermediate plate 25, or ina direction at right angles to the axis of rotation of the grindingelement !3 and also at right angles to the direction of movement of theintermediate plate 25 with respect to the base plate 2@. It will thus beseen that the upper plate 29 may be freely moved back and forth and fromside to side, or transversely and longitudinally, with respect to thebase 253 and likewise with respect to the grinding element E3.

The forward end of the tool-carrying plate 29 (the end closer to thegrinding element 13) is provided with bearing or journal means forpivotally carrying on a vertical axis a tool post or standard 32. Forthis purpose the plate 29 is provided with a vertical bore 33 in whichis carried a vertical sleeve 34. A lower bearing 35, preferably of theretained-ball type, surrounds the sleeve 34 and is recessed in the undersurface of the plate 29,. A second bearing 36, also of the retained-balltype, surrounds the upper end of the sleeve 3 3 and is recessed in thelower portion of the tool standard 32. The tool standard includes avertical shaft portion 37 which extends downwardly and beyond the sleeve34. The shaft is threaded at its lower end to receive a knurled nut 38.A thrust washer 39 is interposed between the nut 33 and the outer racering of the bearing 35. The intermediate portion of the tool standard 32is provided with an integral annular section that forms the recess inwhich the bearing 36 is fitted. This section provides a belt-engagingportion 45], the purpose of which will be described below.

The upper part of the tool standard is adapted to receive differenttypes of dressing tools and is further provided with means to supporttools in either of two positions. For this purpose the tool standard isprovided at its upper end with a horizontal opening 4 I forming a firsttool-receiving portion, and a vertical V-groove 2 that pro vides asecond tool-receiving portion.

As illustrated particularly in Figs. 1 and 2, a dressing tool 43 isprovided with a diamond point in the usual manner and is mounted in thetool standard by being inserted through the tool-receiving opening 4|. Alocking screw 24 threaded into the top of the tool standard engages thetool and secures it in place.

The tool mounting just described suffices for most dressing operationsbut it is found that in certain instances the dressing operationrequires a tool that has greater freedom of movement, especially inthose cases where the dressing involves curved surfaces of small radii.For this purpose a different tool is mounted in the secondtool-receiving portion 42. The second tool is shown at 65 in Figs. 6 and7. This tool is disposed vertically and is mounted on the tool standard32 by means of an adapter 46, an eyebolt il, and a knurled nut 48. Theadapter 46 is provided with a vertical V-groove 49 which receives thetool 45. The tool passes through the eye of the eyebolt 4'! and theshank of the eyebolt passes through the adapter 46 and the firsttool-receiving opening 4!. The adapter 46 is shaped to fit the verticalV-groove 42 in the tool standard 32. Tightening of the nut 48 completesthe assembly and serves to secure the tool 45 in position on the toolstandard. This tool is provided with a special diamond point 50 which,as will be presently described, enables the tool to dress small contoursthat would be inaccessible to the diamond point on the tool 43. There isshown in broken lines in Fig. 7 one type of grinding element for thedressing of which the tool 45 would be desirable.

The rear portion of the upper plate 29 is cut out as at 5| to provide arectangular opening. The sides of the plate 29 that border the openingare provided respectively with longitudinally extending grooves 52. Asbest shown in Fig. 3 each groove 52 may be formed by the addition to theblock 29 of a removable bearing plate 52a. Countersunk cap screws 521)secure the bearing plates in place. These grooves serve to slidablymount a carrier block 53. A transverse member 54 is secured across theleg portions of the plate 29 that are formed by the opening 5!. Thismember is secured from below to the plate 29 by a plurality ofcountersunk cap screws 55, only one of which is shown in Fig. 2. Thecarrier block 53 is thus slidably mounted for adjustment toward and awayfrom the tool standard 32. The adjusting means is best shown in Fig. 2.

The transverse member 54 is provided with a bore which receives andjournals the intermediate shank portion 56 of a belt-adjusting member51. The shank is extended and threaded as at 58, and extends loosely.into a coaxial bore 59 in the carrier block 53. A small plate 66 havinga threaded opening to receive the threaded shank 58 of the adjustingmember 5'! is secured by a pair of cap screws Bl to the rear face of thecarrier block 53. The shank portion 56 further includes a shoulder 62which abuts against the inner face of the transverse member 54, andan-adjusting knob 63 pinned or otherwise secured to the shank 56 islocated outside the member 54 and serves as a means for rotating theadjusting member to adjust the position of the carrier block 53. Alocking member in the form of a bolt 64 having a knurled head is mountedvertically in the transverse member 5% and serves to engage the shank 5Bof the adjusting member 5? to secure the latter against rotation andthus to maintain the adjusted position of the block 53.

The block 53 is provided with a vertical bore that receives a verticalsleeve 65. The lower portion of the block is provided with an annularrecess that receives a ball bearing 66. A second ball bearing Bl ismounted on the upper portion ofthe sleeve 65 and is recessed in theunder side of a control member 68. This member includes a vertical shaft69 that passes through the sleeve 85 and receives at its threaded lowerend a knurled nut in and thrust washer l l. The under side of thecontrol member 88 is provided with an annular portion surrounding theupper bearing 61 and provides a belt-engaging portion l2 similar to thatprovided on the tool standard 32. An endless belt 13 is trained aboutthe beltengaging portions 4!] and 12 and provides means by whichrotational movement of the control member 58 is transmitted to the toolstandard 32 for moving the latter correspondingly rotationally.

As best shown in Figs. 1 and 4 the control member 68 is provided at itsupper portion with a handle 14 by means of which an operator may easilyrotate the control member angularly. The member 68 is further providedwith a longitudinally extending opening 15 that receives a follower orguide member it. A set screw ll secures gigs follower it in position inthe control member From the description thus far it will be seen thatangular rotational movement of the control member 53 causescorresponding angular rotational movement of the tool standard 32. It isnecessary to insure proper functioning of the unit that movement ofthese two members be properly synchronized and that the tool 18 andfollower l6 bear a definite relation to each other. For this purpose therespective axes of rotation of the control member 88 and tool standard32 have been selected as guides or indioes for locating the tool and thefollower. From an examination of Fig. 2 it will be seen that the diamondpoint of the tool 43 is located on an extension of'the axis of thevertical shaft 3'! of the tool standard. Similarly the point of thefollower i6 is located on an extension of the vertical axis of the shaft59 of the control member 68. In the event that it is found desirable toadjust the tool 43 so that the diamond point thereof is ahead or behindthe axis of the shaft 31 it will be necessary to make a correspondingadjustment of the follower 18.

As best shown in Fig. 1 the dressing unit is provided witha supportingframe structure generally indicated by the numeral 'lB. This frameincludes a pair of vertically disposed supporting members 19 and 8B. Thelower portion of each member is provided with an inwardly extending lugat that engages the respective transverse groove ill in the base plate20.. Although this structure is shown in connection withvonly thevertical member 19,.it will be understood that the lower portion of thevertical member is similarly constructed. A cap screw 82 holds themember 19 in the position just described and ,a similar means isprovided for mounting the member 89. The upper end. of the member 19 isprovided with a transverse pin 83 to provide a hinged connection with atransverse frame mem: ber 84, the other end of which is removablysecured as by the nut 85 to the upper portion of the vertical member 80.The verticalmembers l9 and 80, in addition to supportingthe trans,

verse frame member 84, serve also as means for limiting longitudinal,movement of the plates 25 and 29 with respect to, the base plate 28.

As best shown in Fig. 1 the transverse frame member 84 serves to carryvrigidly thereon a former plate or template 86. As best shown in Fig. 4the template is mounted on the underside. of the transverse member 84 bymeans of a pair of cap screws 8'1. at each of its oppositesides with alocating lug 88 (Fig. 4) engageablewith a corresponding recess in amounting block 89, each mounting block being secured by cap screws 98 orotherwise to the transverse bar or member 84. Each mounting block 88 islocated onthe transverse member 84 by means of a locating pin 9!. Therear edge of the template or former plate 86 is con toured or patternedto correspond to the contour desired to be formed on the grindingelement [3. The contour on the template is followed by the follower 15of the control means and the movement of the tool 43 isthus guided inits dressing operation on the grinding element it.

The mounting of the tool 43 with respect to the vertical axis of theshaft 31 of the tool standard and its relation to the adjustment of thefollower l'fi with respect of the axis of the vertical shaft 69, issimilarly applicable to the mounting and location of the tool 45 (Fig.6). In other words the diamond point 50 of the tool 45 is similarlylocated with respect to the vertical axis of the shaft 31 when this toolmounting is used.

In order that proper synchronization of movement may be insured betweenthe control member 68, template 86, and tool 43, it is desirable thatthese parts occupy a specified position before the dressing operation isbegun. For this purpose there is provided a gage means operable to alignthe tool 43 and control member 53. As best shown in Figs. 4 and 5 therear side of the tool standard 32 is provided with a gaging portion 92and an upper, forward portion of the control member 68 is provided witha complementary gaging portion or surface 93. When the tool standard 32and control member 68 are properly synchronized in a central positionthe gaging surfaces 92 and 93 should be parallel. A gage, indicatedgenerally by the numeral 94, is provided for the purpose of checking theparallelism of these surfaces and preferably comprises a first part 95having a gaging edge 96 and a second part 97 having a gaging edge 98.The part Si carries, a vertical threaded stud 99 that passes through aslot Hill in the part 95 and receives a knurled nut llll for the purposeof adjustably securing the gage parts together. .Aspreviously stated Thetemplate 86 is provided.

the carrier block 53, and thus the control member 68, may be adjustedtoward and away from the tool standard 32. This adjustment does notaffect the synchronization of the control member 68 and tool standard 32as long as the positions of the tool 43 and the follower it are notdisturbed. It is still necessary that the gaging surfaces 92 and 93remain parallel. Inasmuch as the spacing of the tool standard 32 and thecontrol member 68 may be varied, it is desirable to accommodate thisvariation by means of the adjustable parts 95 and 91 of the gage $6. Thegage 94 is, of course, removed after the positions of the tool standard32 and control member 58 are established.

In the operation of the unit in the dressing of grinding elements or thelike, the unit is mounted on a suitable support in which the grindingelement is rotatably carried. Such a support is represented by thesupporting structure it in Fig. 1. As previously stated the entiredressin tool may be mounted on or removed from such supporting structureas a unit. This unit includes the three plates 2%, 25, and 29, the framestructure 88, the tool standard 32, and the control member 68 andrelated parts. Inasmuch as the tool 32 is mounted on the plate 29 formovement therewith longitudinally of the element It and for angularrotational movement with respect to the plate 29, and since the plate 29is mounted on the plate 25 for movement transversely of the axis of theelement l3, the tool 63 is enabled to follow rather complex contoursdesired to be formed on the grinding element. The control member 6%enables the operator to move the plate 2t transversely across the plate25 and the plate 25 longitudinally across the base plate 20 and inaddition also serves to impart angular rotational movement to the toolstandard 32. Because of the mounting of the plates on ball bearings andbecause of a similar journaling of the tool standard 32 and the controlmember 88, the tool standard has substantially free fioating movement,guided by the cooperation between the template 86 and follower 16 andlimited longitudinally of the axis of rotation of the grinding element23 by the vertical frame members it and 86. The foregoing features ofoperation remain the same whether the tool standard 32 carries the tool13 or the tool $5. In the latter case, however, the tool is more easilyadapted to follow small curves in the contour desired.

It will be understood that the foregoing description and accompanyingdrawings pertain to only a preferred embodiment of the invention andthat the illustrated and described structure may be subject to variousmodifications and alterations without departing from the spirit andscope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element, inwhich the machine includes means for rotating the element on alongitudinal horizontal axis, the combination of a support, a firstmember, a tool-carrying member, means supporting the tool-carryingmember on the first member and the first member on the support andarranging one of said members for movement longitudinally of the supportand the other member transversely of the support, a tool standardincluding a belt-engaging portion, means mounting the tool standard onthe tool-carrying member for movement with the members and includin avertical pivot providing for angular movement of the tool standard withrespect to said members, a control member including a beltengagingportion, means mounting the control member on the tool-carrying memberwhereby said first and tool-carrying members may be moved by the controlmember, said means including a vertical pivot providing for angularmovement of the control member with respect to said first andtool-carrying members, a belt trained about the belt-engaging portionsof the tool standard and the control member for imparting angularmovement of the latter to the former, and a template formed according tothe contour desired on the element for guiding the movement of the toolstandard and members.

2. The combination set forth in claim 1, including means for adjustingthe belt without varying the position of the tool standard.

3. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element, inwhich the machine includes means for rotating the element on alongitudinal horizontal axis, the combination of a support, a firstmember, a tool-carrying member, means supporting the tool-carryingmember on the first member and the first member on the support andarranging one of said members for movement longitudinally of the supportand the other member transversely of the support, a tool standardincluding a beltengaging portion, means mounting the tool standard onthe tool-carrying member for movement with the members and including avertical pivot permitting angular movement of the tool standard withrespect to said members, a control member including a belt-engagingportion,

means mounting the control member on the toolcarrying member wherebysaid first and toolcarrying members may be moved by the control member,said means including a block slidable in the tool-carrying member towardand away from the tool standard, said block having a vertical pivotpermitting angular movement of the control member with respect to thefirst and toolcarrying members, a belt trained about the beltengagingportions of the tool standard and the control member for impartingangular movement of the latter to the former, means for adjusting theposition of the sliding block to tension the belt, and a template formedaccording to the contour desired on the element for guiding the movementof the tool standard and members.

4. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element,the combination of a support, a tool standard carried by the support forangular movement and including a gaging surface lying in a planeparallel to the axis of said angular movement and adapted to be disposedin a predetermined position when the tool standard is in a predeterminedphase of its angular movement with respect to the aforesaid element, acontrol member carried by the support for angular movement about an axisparallel to the axis of angular movement of the tool standard, meansoperatively connecting the tool standard and the control member forimparting angular movement of the latter to the former, said controlmember including a gaging surface lying in a plane parallel to the axisof angular movement of the control member and adapted to be disposed ina plane parallel to the plane of the gaging surface of the tool standardwhen the tool standard and control member are properly synchronized intheir angular movement, and gage means adapted to be interposed betweenthe tool standard and control member and including parallel gagingportions respectively complementary to thegaging surfaces of the toolstandard and control memberfor checking the proper synchronization ofthe tool standard and control member.

5. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a, rotatable element,thecombination of a support, a tool standard carried by the support forangular movement and including a gaging portion adapted to be disposedin a predetermined position when the tool standard is in a predeterminedphase of its angular movement with respeot to the aforesaid element, acontrol member carried by the support for angular movement, meansoperatively, connecting the tool standard and the control member forimparting angular movement of the latter tothe former, said controlmember including a gaging portion adapted to be disposed in apredetermined relation to the gaging portion of the toollstandard whenthe tool standard and control member are properly synchronized in theirangular movement, and gage means adaptedv to be interposed between thetool standard and control member and including gaging portionsrespectively complementary to the gaging portions of the tool standardand control member for checking the proper synchronization of the toolstandard and control member.

6. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element,the combination of a support, a tool standard carried by the support forangular movement and including a gaging portion adapted to be disposedin a predetermined position when the tool standard is in a prede- Qtermined phase of its angular movement with respect to the aforesaidelement, a control member carried by the support for movement withrespect thereto, means operatively connecting the tool standard and thecontrol member for imparting movement of the latter to the former, saidcontrol member including a gaging portion adapted to be disposed in apredetermined rela-- tion to the gaging portion of the tool standardwhen the tool standard and control member are properly synchronized intheirimovement, and gage means adapted to be interposed between the toolstandard and control member and including gaging portions respectivelycomplementary to the gaging portions .of the tool standard and controlmember for checking the proper synchronization of the tool standard andcontrol member.

7. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element,the combination of a support, a tool standard carried by the support forangular movement and including a gaging portion adapted to be disposedin a predetermined position when the tool standard is in a predeterminedphase of its angular movement with respect to the aforesaid element, asupporting member carried by and adjustably positionable on the support,a control member carried by the adjustable member f or angular movement,means operatively connecting the tool standard and control member forimparting angular movement of the latter to the former, said controlmember including a gaging portion adapted to be disposed in apredetermined relation to the gaging portion of the tool standard whensaid parts are properly synchronized in a predetermined phase of theiran ular movement, andgage means adapted to be interposed between thetool standard and control member and including gaging portionsrespectively complementary to the gaging portions of the tool standardand control member for check- '10 ing the proper synchronization of thetool standard and control member, said gage means including anadjustment to compensate for adjustment of the aforesaid support memberwith respect to the tool standard.

8. A machine tool comprising a horizontal base, a horizontal lower plateabove and parallel to the base, a horizontal upper plate above andparallel to the lower plate, means carrying the upper plate on the lowerplate for reciprocation across the lower plate, means carrying the lowerplate on the base for reciprocation across the base generally at rightangles to the relative reciprocation of the upper and lower plates, aframe comprising an inverted U embracing the upper and lower plates andhaving its legs disposed vertically at and secured respectively toopposite sides of the base and having its bight portion extending acrossthe upper plate, a tool standard carried by the upper plate at one sideof the bight portion of the U (for angular movement about a verticalpivot, a control member carried by the upper plate at the other side ofthe bight portion of the U for angular movement about a vertical pivot,means connecting the control member and tool standard for conjointangular movement, a template carried by the bight portion of the U, andmeans carried by the control member and engageable with the template toenable the control member, and consequently the upper and lower platesand the tool standard to be moved according to the pattern of thetemplate.

9. A machine tool comprising a horizontalbase, a horizontal lower plateabove and parallel to the base, a horizontal upper plate above andparallel to the lower plate, means carrying the upper plate on the lowerplate for reciprocation across the lower plate, means carrying the lowerplate on the base for reciprocation across the base generally at rightangles to the relative reciprocation of the upper and lower plates, asupporting member secured to the base and having a portion extendingover the upper plate, a tool standard carried by the upper plate on avertical pivot, a control member carried by the upper plate on avertical pivot, means connecting the tool standard and control memberfor conjoint pivotal movement, and a template carried by the aforesaidextending portion of the supporting member and engageable by the controlmember for guiding movement of the control member, and consequently theupper and lower plate and tool standard, according to the pattern of thetemplate.

10. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element inwhich the machine includes means for rotating the element on ahorizontal axis, the combination of a support, a tool-carrying platecarried by the support for movement both longitudinally and transverselyof the axis of rotation of the element, a tool standard, means mountingthe tool standard on the piate and including a vertical pivot providingfor angular movement of the tool standard with respect to the plate, atool adjustably carried by the tool standard, said tool being normallyad- .iusted to a predetermined position with respect to the pivot axisof the tool standard, a control member, means mounting the controlmember on the toolcarrying plate and including a vertical pivot spacedfrom the pivot of the tool standard and providing for angular movementof the control member with respect to the plate, means connecting thetool standard and the control member for conjoint angular movement, atemplate carried by the support, an index member adjustably carried bythe control member and engageable with the template, said index memberbeing normally adjusted to a predetermined position, with respect to thepivot of the control member, corresponding to the aforesaidpredeterminded position of the tool,

11. A machine tool comprising a horizontal base, a horizontal lowerplate above and parallel to the base, a horizontal upper plate above andparallel to the lower plate, means carrying the upper plate on the lowerplate for reciprocation across the lower plate, means carrying the lowerplate on the base for reciprocation across the base generally at rightangles to the relative reciprocation of the upper and lower plates, atoolcarrying member carried by the upper plate and having abelt-engaging portion and a pivot providing for angular movement of saidmember with respect to the upper plate, a block slidably and adjustablycarried by the upper plate, a control member carried by the block andincluding a beltengaging portion and a pivot providing for angularmovement of said member with respect to the block, a belt trained aboutthe belt-engaging portions of the members for connecting the members forconjoint angular movement, and template means carried by the base andengaging one of said members to guide the movement of said members andthe upper and lower plates according to the pattern of the template.

12. A machine tool comprising a horizontal base, a horizontal lowerplate above and parallel to the base, a horizontal upper plate above andparallel to the lower plate, means carrying the upper plate on the lowerplate for reciprocation across the lower plate, means carrying the lowerplate on the base for reciprocation across the base generally at rightangles to the relative reciprocation of the upper and lower plates, atool-carrying member carried by the upper plate and including abelt-engaging portion and a pivot to provide for angular movement ofsaid memher with respect to the upper plate, a control member carried bythe upper plate and including a belt-engaging portion and a pivot toprovide for angular movement of the control member with respect to theupper plate, means including an endless belt trained about thebelt-engaging portions of the members and connecting the members forconjoint angular movement, and template means carried by the base andengaging one of said. members to guide the movement of said members andthe upper and lower plates according to the pattern of the templatemeans.

13. A machine tool comprising a horizontal base, a horizontal lowerplate above and parallel to the base, a horizontal upper plate above andparallel to the lower plate, means carrying the upper plate on the lowerplate for reciprocation. across the lower plate, means carrying thelower plate on the base for reciprocation across the base generally atright angles to the relative reciprocation of the upper and lowerplates, a tool-carrying member carried by the upper plate and includinga pivot to provide for angular movement of said member with respect tothe upper plate, a control member carried by the upper plate andincluding a pivot to provide for angular movement of the control memberwith respect to the upper plate, means connecting the members forconjoint angular movement, and template means carried by the base andengaging one of said members to guide the movement of said members andthe upper and lower plates according to the pattern of the templatemeans.

14. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element,in which the machine includes means for rotating the element on alongitudinal horizontal axis, the combination of a support, a pair ofcomplementary tool-carrying members arranged one above the other on thesupport for movement transversely and longitudinally relative to eachother and to the support, a contouring tool, means mounting the tool onone of said members to move longitudinally and transversely with saidmembers, said means including a pivot mounting the tool for angularmovement with respect to said members, a control member, means mountingthe control member on the said one of the tool-carrying members wherebythe tool-carrying members may be moved by the control member, said meansincluding a pivot mounting the control member for angular movement withrespect to the tool-carrying members, means connecting the controlmember and tool for conjoint angular movement, a template carried by thesupport and formed according to the contour desired on the element, and

guide means on the control member coacting with the template forenabling the tool to follow the template.

15. In a, machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element,in which the machine includes means for rotating the element, thecombination of a support, a contouring tool, a beltengaging memberconnected to the tool, means mounting the tool on the support formovement longitudinally and transversely of the axis of rotation of theelement and including a pivot to provide in addition for angularmovement of the tool, control means on the same portion of the supportas the tool for identic motion there'- with longitudinally andtransversely and including a belt-engaging member pivoted for angularmovement, a belt trained about the belt-engaging members, and directlyconnecting them, and a template on the support, stationary with respectto the tool and control means, and formed according to the contourdesired on the element for guiding the tool.

16. In a machine for forming a desired contour on a rotatable element,in which the machine includes means for rotating the element, thecombination of a support, a tool standard, a contouring tool, meanscarrying the tool on the standard and including an adjustment forpositioning the tool transversely of the axis of rotation of theelement, a belt-engaging member connected to the tool standard, meansmounting the tool standard on the support for movement longitudinallyand transversely of the axis of rotation of the element and including apivot to provide in addition for angular movement of the tool standard,control means for moving the tool standard longitudinally andtransversely and including a belt-engaging member pivoted for angularmovement, a belt trained about the beltengaging members, means fortensioning the belt independently of adjustment of' the tool withrespect to the tool standard, and means including a template formedaccording to the contour desired on the element for guiding the tool andtool standard.

17. For a machine of the character described having a support, a toolstandard carried by the support for relative angular movement and havinga gaging portion, a control member carried by the support for relativeangular movement and having a casing portion, and means operati'velyconnecting the control member and the tool standard for impartingangular movement of the former to the latter, a gage adapted forarrangement between the tool standard and control member and having apair of gaging portions respectively complementary to the gagingportions of the tool standard and control member for accuratelypositioning the tool standard and control member in a predeterminedrelation to each other.

18. For a machine of the character described having a support, a toolstandard pivoted on a vertical axis on the support and including a,gaging portion adapted to be disposed in a certain position when thetool standard is moved angularly to a predetermined position withrespect to the support, a control member pivoted on a vertical axis onthe support and including a gaging portion adapted to be disposed in apredetermined relation to the gaging portion of the tool standard, andmeans connected between the con- 14 trol member and tool standard forimparting angular movement of the former to the latter, a gage having apair of gaging portions respectively engageable with the aforesaidgaging portions to accurately dispose the aforesaid gaging portions inthe predetermined relationship.

OSCAR M. BRAATEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,959,271 Bucknam Apr. 15, 19132,938,455 Studer Apr. 21, 1936 2,056,149 Griffing Sept. 29, 19362,292,957 Meeson et a1 Aug. 11, 1942 2,313,055 De Vlieg Mar. 9, 19432,324,942 Meeson et al. July 20, 1943 2,325,334 Meeson July 27, 1943

